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Taxila (ancient Takshashila) is a UNESCO World Heritage Site in Rawalpindi District, Punjab, and one of the most important archaeological sites in Asia. It was the capital of the ancient kingdom of Gandhara and a major centre of Buddhist learning and Silk Road trade from 600 BCE to 500 CE. The ruins include multiple ancient cities, Buddhist monasteries (dharmarajikas, Jaulian, Sirkap), stupas, and the Taxila Museum containing thousands of Gandharan artefacts in exquisite Greco-Buddhist style. Alexander the Great visited in 326 BCE and found a thriving city.